{"id":4126,"date":"2023-04-10T11:14:10","date_gmt":"2023-04-10T03:14:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/?p=4126"},"modified":"2023-04-27T16:20:23","modified_gmt":"2023-04-27T08:20:23","slug":"gb-t-34590-12-2022%e8%8b%b1%e6%96%87%e7%89%88%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91-%e9%81%93%e8%b7%af%e8%bd%a6%e8%be%86-%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8-%e7%ac%ac12%e9%83%a8%e5%88%86%ef%bc%9a%e6%91%a9%e6%89%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/?p=4126","title":{"rendered":"GB\/T 34590.1-2022\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u7ffb\u8bd1English \u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86 \u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168 \u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u672f\u8bed"},"content":{"rendered":"

ChinaAutoRegs\uff5cGB\/T 34590.1-2022\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u7ffb\u8bd1English \u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86 \u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168 \u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u672f\u8bed\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\u7248\uff09
\nRoad Vehicles\u2014Functional Safety\u2014Part 1: Vocabulary<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

CONTENTS<\/p>\n

Foreword
\nIntroduction
\n1 Scope
\n2 Normative References
\n3 Terms and Definitions
\n4 Abbreviated Terms
\nBibliography
\nIndex<\/p>\n

1 \u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n

\u6c34\u6587\u4ef6\u754c\u5b9a\u4e86 GB\/T 34590 \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49 \uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f29\u7565\u8bed \u3002 \u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u9664\u8f7b\u4fbf\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u5916\u7684 \u91cf\u4ea7\u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u7684\u5305\u542b \u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7535\u6c14\uff0f\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf \u3002
\n\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u7528\u9014\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7535\u6c14 \uff0f\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b8b\u75be\u9a7e\u9a76\u8005\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u7cfb\u7edf \u3002
\n\u6ce8 \uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8865\u5145 \uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136 \u3002 \u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u751f\u4ea7\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6216\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u5e03\u65e5\u671f\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u6587
\n\u4ef6 \u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u5e03\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u751f\u4ea7\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6 \uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8 \u66f4\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u751f\u547d \u5468\u671f\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u88c1\u526a \u3002\u7c73\u6309\u7167\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u6309\u7167\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u672c\u6587 \u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u88c1\u526a \u3002
\n\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u9488\u5bf9\u7531\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684 \u7535\u6c14\uff0f\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u4e92 \u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5371\u5bb3 \u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0e\u89e6\u7535 \u3001\u706b\u707e\u3001\u70df\u96fe \u3001\u70ed\u3001\u8f90\u5c04 \u3001\u6bd2\u6027\u3001\u6613\u71c3\u6027\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u6027 \u3001\u8150\u8680\u6027 \u3001 \u80fd\u91cf\u91ca\u653e\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u548c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5371 \u5bb3\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5371\u5bb3\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7535 \u6c14\uff0f\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u800c \u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002
\n\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7535\u6c14\uff0f\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u6d3b\u52a8 \u6574 \u5408\u5230\u4f01\u4e1a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d \u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0 \u4ea7\u54c1\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5f00\u53d1\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5177\u5907 \u76f8\u5e94\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u8981\u6c42 \u3002
\n3 \u672f\u8bed\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u5217\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67b6\u6784 architecture
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u5757\u53ca\u5176\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u8981\u6c42\u5206\u914d \u7ed9\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

ASIL \u7b49\u7ea7\u80fd\u529b ASIL capability<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u6ee1\u8db3\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u7ed9\u5b9aASIL\uff083.6\uff09\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u80fd \u529b\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u5ea6\u91cf\u76ee\u6807\u503c\uff08\u89c1
\nGB\/T 34590.5-XXXX\uff0c\u7b2c8\u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c9\u7ae0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

ASIL \u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u89e3 ASIL decomposition
\n\u4e3a\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u540c\u4e00\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\uff0c\u5c06\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u8981\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5177\u6709\u5145\u5206\u72ec\u7acb\u6027(3.78)\u7684\u8981 \u7d20(3.41)\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u8981\u6c42\u7684ASIL(3.6)\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1aASIL\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2dASIL(3.6)\u7b49\u7ea7\u526a\u88c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840(GB\/T 34590.9\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5173\u4e8eASIL(3.6)\u7b49\u7ea7\u526a\u88c1\u7684 \u8981\u6c42\u5206\u89e3)\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u6839\u636eGB\/T 34590.9\uff0cASIL\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u89e3\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u5197\u4f59\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u8981\u6c42\u7684ASIL(3.6)\u7b49\u7ea7\u964d\u4f4e\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5982\uff0c\u8ba4\u53ef\u63aa\u65bd(3.23)\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u76f8
\n\u540c\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bc4\u4f30 assessment
\n\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u7684\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5426\u5b9e\u73b0GB\/T 34590\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba1\u6838 audit
\n\u9488\u5bf9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u5df2\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002
\n\u6c7d\u8f66\u5b89\u5168\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7b49\u7ea7 Automotive Safety Integrity Level\uff1bASIL
\n\u56db\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684GB\/T 34590\u4e2d\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c
\n\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd(3.141)\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669(3.176)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cD\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u9ad8\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0cA\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u4f4e\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1aQM(3.117)\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aASIL\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u7528\u6027 availability
\n\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6309\u7167\u8981\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u89c4\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u7840\u5931\u6548\u7387 base failure rate\uff1bBFR
\n\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7528\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u5206\u6790\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u5931\u6548\u7387\uff083.53\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u7840\u8f66\u8f86 base vehicle \u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u88c5\u8bbe\u5907\uff083.12\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u8bbe\u5907\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff08OEM\uff09\u7684T&B\u8f66\u8f86\u914d\u7f6e\uff083.175\uff09\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u88c5\u8bbe\u5907\uff083.12\uff09\u53ef\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u9a7e\u9a76\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\uff08\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u4f20\u52a8\u7cfb\u3001\u5e95\u76d8\u3001\u8f6c\u5411\u3001\u5236\u52a8\u3001\u9a7e\u9a76
\n\u5ba4\u548c\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5e26\u6709\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9a7e\u9a76\u5ba4\u7684\u5361\u8f66\uff083.174\uff09\u5e95\u76d8\u3001\u5e26\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6eda\u52a8\u5e95\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u7ebf baseline
\n\u5df2\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d8\u66f4\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5355\u4e00\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09 \u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1GB\/T 34590.8\uff0c\u7b2c8\u7ae0\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u57fa\u7ebf\u901a\u5e38\u7f6e\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002
\n\u6ce83\uff1a\u5728\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff083.86\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u66f4\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u57fa\u7ebf\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u88c5\u5236\u9020\u5546 body builder\uff1bBB
\n\u5c06\u5361\u8f66\uff083.174\uff09\u3001\u5ba2\u8f66\uff083.14\uff09\u3001\u6302\u8f66\uff083.171\uff09\u548c\u534a\u6302\u8f66\uff083.151\uff09\uff08T&B\uff09\u7684\u8f66\u8eab\u3001 \u8d27\u8fd0\u5de5\u5177 \u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u57fa\u7840\u8f66\u8f86\uff083.9\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1aT&B\u8f66\u8eab\u5305\u62ec\u5361\u8f66\uff083.174\uff09\u9a7e\u9a76\u5ba4\u3001\u5ba2\u8f66\uff083.14\uff09\u8f66\u8eab\u3001\u6b65\u5165\u5f0f\u8f66\u53a2\u7b49\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u8d27\u8fd0\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\u8d27\u7bb1\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u5e8a\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u8fd0\u8f93\u67b6\u7b49\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u8bbe\u5907\u5305\u62ec\u4f5c\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u673a\u68b0\uff0c\u5982\u6c34\u6ce5\u6405\u62cc\u673a\u3001\u503e\u5378\u5e8a\u3001\u96ea\u94f2\u3001\u5347\u964d\u673a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u88c5\u8bbe\u5907 body builder equipment
\n\u5b89\u88c5\u5728T&B\u57fa\u7840\u8f66\u8f86\uff083.9\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u8f66\u8eab\u6216\u8d27\u8fd0\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u652f\u8986\u76d6\u7387 branch coverage \u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u5206\u652f\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a100%\u5206\u652f\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u610f\u5473\u7740100%\u8bed\u53e5\u8986\u76d6\u7387(3.160)\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2aif\u8bed\u53e5\u603b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5373\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3atrue\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3afalse\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eelse\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u8f66 bus
\n\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7279\u6027\u4e0a\u7528\u4e8e\u8f7d\u8fd0\u4e58\u5ba2\u53ca\u5176\u968f\u8eab\u884c\u674e\u7684\u5546\u7528\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u5ea7\u4f4d\u5728\u5185\u5ea7\u4f4d\u6570\u8d85\u8fc79\u5ea7\u3002 \u5ba2\u8f66\u6709\u5355\u5c42\u7684\u6216\u53cc\u5c42\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7275\u5f15\u4e00\u6302\u8f66\uff083.171\uff09\u3002
\n[\u6765\u6e90\uff1aGB\/T 3730.1\u20142001\uff0c2.1.2.1 ]<\/p>\n

\u6807\u5b9a\u6570\u636e calibration data
\n\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6784\u5efa\u540e\u5c06\u7528\u4f5c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f4e\u6020\u901f\u503c\u3001\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u4e07\u6709\u7279\u6027\u56fe\uff09\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u7279\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u9002\u5e94\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8282\u6c14\u95e8\u9650\u4f4d\uff09\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u7f16\u7801\uff08\u4f8b \u5982\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u5de6\u8235\/\u53f3\u8235\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u6807\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u6ce8\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5019\u9009\u9879 candidate<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5e03\u5e76\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\u3001\u6216\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u901a\u7528\u6027\u7684
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7528\u8bc1\u660e\uff083.115\uff09\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5019\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548 cascading failure
\n\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u6765\u81ea\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u5916\u90e8\uff09\u5bfc\u81f4\u67d0\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548
\n\uff083.50\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\uff083.29\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548\uff083.18\uff09\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u89c1\u56fe2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe2 \u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n

\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548 common cause failure\uff1bCCF
\n\u7531\u5355\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\uff0c \u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u6765\u81ea\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548\u662f\u975e\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548\uff083.17\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\uff083.29\uff09\uff0c\u89c1\u56fe3\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u56fe3 \u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n

\u5171\u6a21\u5931\u6548 common mode failure\uff1bCMF \u591a\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5931\u6548\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548\uff083.18\uff09\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5931\u6548\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f (3.51)\u63a5\u8fd1\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5ea6\u624d\u80fd\u5f52\u4e3a\u5171
\n\u6a21\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67d0\u7cfb\u7edf(3.163)\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e92\u4e3a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6e29\u5dee\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e 5\u2103\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf(3.163)\u8fdb\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u3002\u67d0\u4e2a\u5171\u6a21\u5931\u6548\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4ee5\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6e29\u5dee\u5c0f\u4e8e 5\u2103\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5728 CPU \u9501\u6b65\u67b6\u6784\uff083.1\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a CPU \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a CPU \u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5931\u6548 \u624d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u4e0d\u88ab\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u6a21\u5931\u6548\u4f7f\u4e24\u4e2a CPU \u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5931\u6548\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b3\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5176\u8fc7\u7535\u538b\u89c4\u8303\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8fc7\u538b\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u6a21\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b8c\u6574\u8f66\u8f86 complete vehicle \u5b8c\u5168\u7ec4\u88c5\u7684\u5177\u6709\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u88c5\u8bbe\u5907\uff083.12\uff09\u7684T&B\u57fa\u7840\u8f66\u8f86\uff083.9\uff09\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u8f66\u3001\u81ea\u5378\u5361\u8f66\uff083.174\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ec4\u4ef6 component
\n\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6(3.71)\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143(3.159)\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u6216\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u975e\u7cfb\u7edf \u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf(3.163)\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e configuration data \u5728\u8981\u7d20\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e14\u63a7\u5236\u8981\u7d20\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5bfc\u51fa\u51fa\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u91cf\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684 XML \u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u63a7\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4ee3\u7801\uff1b\u88ab\u9009\u53d6\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u529f\u80fd \u5c06\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba4\u53ef\u63aa\u65bd confirmation measure
\n\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168(3.67)\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u8bc4\u5ba1(3.24)\u3001\u5ba1\u6838(3.5)\u6216\u8bc4\u4f30(3.4)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba4\u53ef\u8bc4\u5ba1 confirmation review
\n\u786e\u8ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5145\u5206\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u8003\u8651GB\/T 34590\u76f8\u5173\u76ee \u7684\u548c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168 (3.67) \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1aGB\/T 34590.2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u8bc4\u5ba1\u6e05\u5355\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u8ba4\u53ef\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u7b26\u5408GB\/T 34590\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u63a7\u6027 controllability
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u53ca\u65f6\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u5907\u5916\u90e8\u63aa\u65bd(3.49)\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff09\u907f\u514d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3(3.74)\u6216\u8005\u635f\u4f24\u7684 \u80fd\u529b\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u5305\u62ec\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u3001\u4e58\u5ba2\u6216\u8f66\u8f86\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u90bb\u8fd1\u4eba\u5458\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30(3.76)\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570C\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570 coupling factors
\n\u591a\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u95f4\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u6216\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u6216\u5173\u7cfb\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u5173 \u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e13\u7528\u63aa\u65bd dedicated measure \u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u5931\u6548\u7387(3.53)\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6(3.71)\u8fc7\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7535\u5e94\u529b\u6216\u70ed\u5e94\u529b\u5206\u7ea7\uff09\u6216\u8005\u7269\u7406\u5206\u9694\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5370\u5237\u7535\u8def\u677f
\n\u4e0a\u7684\u89e6\u70b9\u95f4\u9694\uff09\uff1b\u5bf9\u6765\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u62bd\u6837\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u4e0e\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f(3.51)\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u98ce\u9669(3.128)\uff1b \u8001\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1b\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n

\u964d\u7ea7 degradation
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7f29\u51cf\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u6709\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6216\u5411\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548 dependent failures
\n\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u8ba1\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8003\u8651\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09 \u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6216\u5728\u8db3\u591f\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u540c\u65f6\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\u5305\u62ec\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548(3.18)\u548c\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548(3.17)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce84\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u662f\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548\uff083.17\uff09\u8fd8\u662f\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548\uff083.18\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u6ce85\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\u53ef\u5305\u62ec\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u6982\u7387\u4e0d\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\u5f15\u53d1\u6e90 dependent failure initiator\uff1bDFI \u901a\u8fc7\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570\uff083.26\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u5931\u6548\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u5728DFA\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5019\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570\uff083.26\uff09\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6216\u6709\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570(3.26)\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00 RAM \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143\u3002\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143\u975e\u9884\u671f\u5730\u635f\u574f\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143 \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570(3.26)\uff1a\u5728\u8f66\u8f86\u540c\u4e00\u8231\u5ba4\u5185\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a ECU\u3002\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\/\u4e0d\u671f\u671b\u7684\u6c34\u4fb5\u5165\u8be5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8231\u5ba4 \u5185\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d78\u6ce1\u5e76\u5f15\u53d1\u4e24\u4e2a ECU \u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b3\uff1a\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u6570(3.26)\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00 3.3V \u7535\u6e90\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff1a3.3V \u7535\u6e90\u7684\u8fc7\u538b\uff0c\u635f\u574f\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u6545\u969c detected fault \u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.55\uff09\u6216\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.98\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u63a5\u53e3\u534f\u8bae development interface agreement\uff1bDIA
\n\u5ba2\u6237\u4e0e\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u5728\u5f85\u5f00 \u5c55\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u5f85\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6216\u5f85\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1aDIA\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u4f9b\u5e94\u534f\u8bae\uff083.162\uff09\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bca\u65ad\u8986\u76d6\u7387 diagnostic coverage\uff1bDC
\n\u7531\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u63a2\u6d4b\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5931\u6548\u7387\u5360\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u5931\u6548\u7387(3.53)\u6216\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20(3.41) \u67d0\u4e00\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f(3.51)\u5931\u6548\u7387(3.53)\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u8bca\u65ad\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u6545\u969c(3.125)\u6216\u6f5c\u4f0f\u7684\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c(3.97)\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u53ef\u8003\u8651\u5728\u67b6\u6784\uff083.1\uff09\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u7ea7\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u9664\u975e\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5b89\u5168
\n\u6545\u969c\uff083.130\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bca\u65ad\u70b9 diagnostic points \u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u6216\u6821\u6b63\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u8bca\u65ad\u70b9\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8b66\u62a5\u201d\u6216\u201c\u9519\u8bef\uff083.46\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6821\u6b63\u6807\u5fd7\u201d\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u56de\u8bfb\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 diagnostic test time interval \u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u6267\u884c\u5728\u7ebf\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u7ebf\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1 distributed development
\n\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09 \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8d23\u4efb\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u662f\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u6837\u6027 diversity \u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u72ec\u7acb\u6027(3.78)\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u76f8\u540c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5171\u56e0\u5931\u6548\uff083.18\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u591a\u6837\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848 \uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u591a\u6837\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6 (3.21)\uff0c\u591a\u6837\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21) \uff09\u6216\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5
\n\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u591a\u6837\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff09\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u591a\u6837\u6027\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5197\u4f59\uff083.122\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u591a\u6837\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b\u591a\u6837\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cc\u70b9\u5931\u6548 dual-point failure \u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u4e14\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u53cc\u70b9\u5931\u6548\u662f2\u9636\u7684\u591a\u70b9\u5931\u6548(3.96)\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1aGB\/T 34590\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u53cc\u70b9\u5931\u6548\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u969c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u7d20(3.144)\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u969c\u5f71 \u54cd\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7528\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u6216\u4fdd\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001(3.131)\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cc\u70b9\u6545\u969c dual-point fault \u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u76f8\u5173\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53cc\u70b9\u5931\u6548\uff083.38\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u70b9\u5931\u6548\u660e\u786e\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6545\u969c\u6811\u7684\u5272\u96c6\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u89c1\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c(3.97)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf electrical and\/or electronic system \uff1bE\/E \u7531\u7535\u6c14\u548c\/\u6216\u7535\u5b50\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u7535\u5b50\u8981\u7d20\u6240\u6784\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09 \u6ce8\uff1a\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u7535\u6e90\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u901a\u8baf\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u6267\u884c\u5668\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8981\u7d20 element \u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u3001\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.21\uff09(\u786c\u4ef6\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6)\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\uff083.71\uff09\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143\uff083.159\uff09\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\u201d\u6216\u201c\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u4ec5\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u6216\u4ec5\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u8981\u7d20\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u7d20(3.138)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8f6f\u4ef6 embedded software
\n\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u8981\u7d20\uff083.113\uff09\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5145\u5206\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c emergency operation
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff083.102\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\uff0c \u76f4\u5230\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe4\u548c\u56fe5\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5728\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u53ca\u65f6\u5730\u8fdb\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fdd
\n\u6301\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fc7\u6e21\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301 \u5728\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce83\uff1a\u62a5\u8b66\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\uff083.183\uff09\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.45\uff09\u3002 \u6ce84\uff1a\u964d\u7ea7\uff083.28\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u9519\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff083.46\uff09\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 emergency operation time interval\uff1bEOTI
\n\u4fdd\u6301\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe4\u548c\u56fe5\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u62a5\u8b66\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\uff083.183\uff09\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.45\uff09\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u6682\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 emergency operation tolerance time interval\uff1bEOTTI \u5728\u65e0\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u98ce\u9669\uff083.128\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7ef4\u6301\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe4\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.44\uff09\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u9650\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u56fe4 \u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694<\/p>\n

\u9519\u8bef error \u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u3001\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u3001\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u3001\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u503c\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u7531\u6240\u8003\u8651\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.21\uff09\u5185\u7684\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u5f15\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e13\u4e1a\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458 expert rider \u7531\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9645\u6469\u6258\u8f66\uff083.93\uff09\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\uff083.25\uff09\u5206\u7ea7\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u62c5\u4efb\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u8981\u6c42\u5177\u5907\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff083.25\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u5b9e\u65bd\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u53ca
\n\u2014\u2014\u57fa\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u7684\u9a7e\u9a76\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6469\u6258\u8f66\uff083.93\uff09\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\uff083.25\uff09\u7279\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u6709\u5173\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u4e1a\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u89c1GB\/T 34590.12-XXXX\uff0c\u9644\u5f55C\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66b4\u9732 exposure
\n\u5904\u4e8e\u67d0\u8fd0\u884c\u573a\u666f(3.104)\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u751f\u6240\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f(3.51)\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4 \u5371\u5bb3\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\uff083.76\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570E\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd0\u884c\u573a\u666f(3.104)\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u66b4\u9732\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5916\u90e8\u63aa\u65bd external measure<\/p>\n

\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e14\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u6216\u51cf\u8f7b\u7531\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff083.128\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5931\u6548 failure \u7531\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u51fa\u73b0\u5bfc\u81f4\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u9884\u671f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6216\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f failure mode
\n\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u672a\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u9884\u671f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f\u8986\u76d6\u7387 failure mode coverage\uff1bFMC
\n\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u67d0\u4e00\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f\uff083.51\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548\u7387\uff083.53\uff09\u4e2d\u88ab\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u63a2\u6d4b\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5931\u6548\u7387 failure rate \u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u6982\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u9664\u4ee5\u5e78\u5b58\u6982\u7387\uff08\u53ef\u9760\u5ea6\uff09\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5931\u6548\u7387\u88ab\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u201c\u03bb\u201d\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c fault \u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u8d77\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u5931\u6548\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u8003\u8651\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u6545\u969c\u3001\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u6545\u969c\u548c\u77ac\u6001\u6545\u969c(3.173)\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8f6f\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5f53\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\uff083.46\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u3002
\n\u6ce83\uff1a\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u800c\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6545\u969c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21)\u6fd2\u4e34\u635f\u574f\u65f6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f8b\u5982\u5f00\u5173\u5185\u90e8\u529f\u80fd \u5f02\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u6545\u969c(3.165)\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65f6\u5e8f\u7d0a\u4e71\uff09\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 fault detection time interval\uff1bFDTI
\n\u4ece\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u53d1\u751f\u5230\u88ab\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe5\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.35)\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u9519\u8bef(3.46)\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u5373\uff1a\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u8be5\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u9519\u8bef
\n(3.46)\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\uff0c\u67d0\u4e00\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u957f\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.35)\u3002
\n\u6ce83\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3001\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.35)\u548c\u6545\u969c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.59)\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236
\n(3.142)\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7279\u6027\u3002
\n\u6ce84\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u52a0\u4e0a\u6545\u969c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.59)\u77ed\u4e8e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.61)\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u6545\u969c(3.54)
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u53ca\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 fault handling time interval\uff1bFHTI \u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.55)\u548c\u6545\u969c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.59)\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1aFHTI\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u6ce8\u5165 fault injection
\n\u8bc4\u4f30\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u5185\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u5165\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u3001\u9519\u8bef(3.46)\u3001\u6216\u5931\u6548(3.50)
\n\u4ece\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u70b9(3.101)\u5bf9\u6ce8\u5165\u540e\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u6ce8\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u5c42\u9762\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3001\u53ef<\/p>\n

\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u548c\u6240\u9700\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6a21\u578b(3.58)\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c \u6545\u969c\u6ce8\u5165\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u6ce8\u5165\u6545\u969c(3.54)\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a2\u6d4b\u6f5c\u4f0f\u6545\u969c(3.85)\u7b56\u7565\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u6b63\u5728\u6b63\u5e38 \u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u786c\u4ef6\u8c03\u8bd5\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u4e13\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\u6ce8\u5165\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3(HSI)\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b3\uff1a\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762\u5bf9\u5361\u6ede\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u6216\u77ac\u6001\u6545\u969c\u8fdb\u884c\u4eff\u771f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u8986\u76d6\u7387(3.33)\uff0c\u6216
\n\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u53ef\u5f15\u8d77\u9519\u8bef(3.46)\u6216\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u6a21\u578b fault model \u7531\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5931\u6548\u6a21\u5f0f(3.51)\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u6a21\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u7279\u5b9a\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 fault reaction time interval\uff1bFRTI \u4ece\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5230\u8fdb\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001(3.131)\u6216\u8fdb\u5165\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c(3.43)\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe4\u548c\u56fe5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u9519 fault tolerance \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd(3.83)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 fault tolerant time interval \uff1bFTTI
\n\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u672a\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u5185\u90e8\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u5230\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5371\u5bb3 \u4e8b\u4ef6\uff083.77\uff09\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u89c1\u56fe5\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u8be5\u6700\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc4\u4f30\u6240\u6709\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff083.77\uff09\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1aFTTI\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\uff083.88\uff09\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002FTTI\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u8be5\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u7684\u5b89
\n\u5168\u76ee\u6807\uff083.139\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u5c5e\u6027\u3002 \u6ce84\uff1a\u5728\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u6216\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u6216\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230
\n\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u53ca\u65f6\u5bf9\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u6ce85\uff1a\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6(3.77)\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5e76\u4e14\u8f66\u8f86\u5904\u4e8e\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u53ef\u5f71\u54cd\u8f66\u8f86\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5236\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf(3.163)\u4e2d\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u5236\u52a8\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6 (3.77)\u3002 \u6ce86\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u4ec5\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u5c42\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49FTTI\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u5c42\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6700\u957f\u6545\u969c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.56)\u548c\u6545\u969c\u5904
\n\u7406\u540e\u8981\u6c42\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u6982\u5ff5(3.68)\u3002
\n\u6ce87\uff1a\u5f53\u8bca\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.35)\u6bd4\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.55)\u8db3\u591f\u77ed\u65f6\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.55)\u53ef\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u4e2a\u8bca\u65ad \u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(3.35)\u7528\u4e8e\u6d88\u9664\u9519\u8bef(3.46)\u6296\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u56fe5 \u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u573a\u6570\u636e field data
\n\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7d2f\u79ef\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u548c\u670d\u52a1 \u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38(3.134)\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u73b0\u573a\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bb0\u6cd5 formal notation
\n\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aZ \u8bb0\u6cd5\uff08Zed\uff09\u3001\u7b26\u53f7\u6a21\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff08NuSMV\uff09\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u6837\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08PVS\uff09\u3001Vienna \u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08VDM\uff09\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u516c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f62\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1 formal verification
\n\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bb0\u6cd5(3.63)\u9488\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u514d\u4e8e\u5e72\u6270 freedom from interference \u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548(3.17)\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff092 \u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff091 \u5931\u6548,\u5219\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff091 \u514d\u4e8e\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff092 \u7684\u5e72
\n\u6270\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff093 \u7684\u5931\u6548\u5bfc\u81f4\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff094 \u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff093 \u5e72\u6270\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff094\u3002<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\u6982\u5ff5 functional concept<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u9884\u671f\u8868\u73b0\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5404\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u5176\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u529f\u80fd\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u9636\u6bb5(3.110)\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168 functional safety
\n\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7531\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.40\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0(3.88)\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5371\u5bb3(3.75)\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669
\n(3.176)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u6982\u5ff5 functional safety concept
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\uff083.69\uff09\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8981\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u5230\u67b6\u6784\uff083.1\uff09 \u4e2d\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42 functional safety requirement
\n\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6216\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff083.141\uff09\uff0c \u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7531\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.40\uff09\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f(3.105)\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09 \u6240\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8651\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff083.77\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u8fbe\u5230\u6216\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u6982\u5ff5\u9636\u6bb5\uff083.110\uff09\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5305\u62ecASIL\u7b49\u7ea7\uff083.6\uff09\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u5ea6\u91cf hardware architectural metrics \u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\uff083.1\uff09\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\uff083.156\uff09\u5ea6\u91cf\u548c\u6f5c\u4f0f\u6545\u969c\uff083.85\uff09\u5ea6\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6 hardware part \u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21)\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea7\u5206\u89e3\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684 CPU\u3001\u7535\u963b\u3001\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u95ea\u5b58\u9635\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n

\u786c\u4ef6\u57fa\u7840\u5b50\u5143\u5668\u4ef6 hardware elementary subpart \u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5b50\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\uff083.73\uff09\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1aALU \u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u9525\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u786c\u4ef6\u5b50\u5143\u5668\u4ef6 hardware subpart \u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6(3.71)\u4e2d\u53ef\u6309\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u5272\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u7ea7\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e2d\u7684 CPU \u7684 ALU\uff0cCPU \u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f24\u5bb3 harm
\n\u5bf9\u4eba\u8eab\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7269\u7406\u635f\u5bb3\u6216\u7834\u574f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5371\u5bb3 hazard \u7531\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0(3.88)\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3(3.74)\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6765\u6e90\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8eGB\/T 34590\uff1b\u5371\u5bb3\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u901a\u5e38\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4f24\u5bb3(3.74)\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30 hazard analysis and risk assessment\uff1bHARA<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669(3.176)\uff0c\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6(3.77)\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5f52\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a \u4e49\u9632\u6b62\u548c\u51cf\u8f7b\u76f8\u5173\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u548cASIL\u7b49\u7ea7(3.6)\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6 hazardous event
\n\u5371\u5bb3(3.75)\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u573a\u666f(3.104)\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u72ec\u7acb\u6027 Independence
\n\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548(3.29),\u6216\u4ece\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0a\u5206 \u9694\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e00\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1aASIL\u7b49\u7ea7\u5206\u89e3(3.3)\u6216\u8ba4\u53ef\u63aa\u65bd(3.23)\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u975e\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548 independent failures \u540c\u65f6\u6216\u76f8\u7ee7\u5931\u6548\u7684\u6982\u7387\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\u6982\u7387\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u975e\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u5931\u6548\u6982\u7387\u672a\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u975e\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bb0\u6cd5 informal notation \u975e\u5b8c\u6574\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u610f\u6307\u8bed\u4e49\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u627f inheritance
\n\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u672a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ec6\u8282\u5c42\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5 inspection \u4e3a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38\uff083.134\uff09\u800c\u4f9d\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8003\u67e5\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff083.180\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff083.169\uff09\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u6ce83\uff1a\u4e00\u9879\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u6d41\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u9884\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u5217\u8868\u3001\u6838\u5bf9\u4eba\u5458\u53ca\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.127\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd intended functionality \u9488\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9664\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u5916\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u6574\u8f66\u5c42\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u9879 item
\n\u9002\u7528\u4e8eGB\/T 34590\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6574\u8f66\u5c42\u9762\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u5408\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u89c1\u6574\u8f66\u529f\u80fd\uff083.178\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6f5c\u4f0f\u6545\u969c latent fault
\n\u5728\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.98\uff09\u5185\uff0c\u672a\u88ab\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e14\u672a\u88ab\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u591a\u70b9 \u6545\u969c\uff083.97\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f lifecycle
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u5230\u62a5\u5e9f\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u9636\u6bb5(3.110)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb management system
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0 malfunctioning behaviour
\n\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u6216\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u610f\u56fe\u76f8\u6096\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u975e\u9884\u671f\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u957f\u4fee\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 maximum time to repair time interval \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u5f53\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001(3.131)\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u6301\u5230\u8f66\u8f86\u5269\u4f59\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u957f\u5f85\u4fee\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7279\u6027\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u4ece\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u62a5\u8b66\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\uff083.183\uff09\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u82e5\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5219\u6700\u957f\u5f85\u4fee\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5728\u62a5\u8b66\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\uff083.183\uff09\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1 model-based development\uff1bMBD \u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f85\u5f00\u53d1\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4eff\u771f\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u6216\u4e8c\u8005\u5747\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539 modification
\n\u4ee5\u73b0\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728GB\/T 34590\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u526a\u88c1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff083.86\uff09\u5bf9\u590d\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4fee\u6539\u201d\u3002\u53d8\u66f4\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f
\n\uff083.86\uff09\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u4e8e\u7531\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539\u6761\u4ef6\/\u5224\u5b9a\u8986\u76d6\u7387 modified condition\/decision coverage\uff1bMC\/DC \u5728\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u4e2d\u5df2\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5f71\u54cd\u5224\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5355\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1aMC\/DC\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5206\u652f\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff083.13\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u5206\u6790\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u548c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8def
\n\u5f84\u90fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6469\u6258\u8f66 motorcycle
\n\u7531\u52a8\u529b\u88c5\u7f6e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e09\u4e2a\u8f66\u8f6e\u7684\u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8f66\u901f\u5927\u4e8e50 km\/h\uff0c\u6216\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761 \u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u71c3\u673a\uff0c\u5176\u6392\u91cf\u5927\u4e8e 50 ml;
\n\u2014\u2014\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u529b\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u7535\u673a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u7eed\u989d\u5b9a\u529f\u7387\u603b\u548c\u5927\u4e8e 4 kW\u3002
\n\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u4e0b\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u6700\u5927\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8f66\u901f\u3001\u6574\u8f66\u6574\u5907\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u5916\u5ed3\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u7b26\u5408\u76f8\u5173\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e13\u4f9b\u6b8b\u75be\u4eba\u9a7e \u9a76\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u8f6e\u6905\u8f66\uff1b
\n[\u6765\u6e90\uff1aGB\/T 5359.1\u20142019\uff0c2.1]<\/p>\n

\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u5b89\u5168\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7b49\u7ea7 motorcycle safety integrity level\uff1bMSIL
\n\u56db\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684GB\/T 34590\u4e2d\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u964d \u4f4e\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aASIL\uff083.6\uff09\u7b49\u7ea7\u540e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff083.141\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6469\u6258\u8f66\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09 \u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u98ce\u9669\uff083.126\uff09\uff0cD\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u9ad8\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0cA\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u4f4e\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u6838 multi-core<\/p>\n

\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u80fd\u5f7c\u6b64\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u8981\u7d20\uff083.113\uff09\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.21\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u70b9\u5931\u6548 multiple-point failure
\n\u7531\u51e0\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\u5f15\u53d1\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\uff083.139\uff09\u7684\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c multiple-point fault
\n\u5728\u672a\u88ab\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e14\u672a\u88ab\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u72ec\u7acb\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u70b9\u5931\u6548(3.96)\u7684 \u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u4ec5\u5728\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6545\u969c\u6811\u7684\u5272\u96c6\u5206\u6790)\u591a\u70b9\u5931\u6548(3.96)\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8fa8\u8ba4\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u63a2\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 multiple-point fault detection time interval
\n\u5728\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u70b9\u5931\u6548\uff083.96\uff09\u524d\uff0c\u5c06\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c\uff083.97\uff09\u63a2\u6d4b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u5f00\u53d1 new development
\n\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5148\u524d\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65b0 \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n

\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5371\u5bb3 non-functional hazard
\n\u7531\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.40\uff09\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f(3.105)\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u63aa\u65bd\uff083.49\uff09 \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\uff083.88\uff09\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89c2\u6d4b\u70b9 observation points \u7528\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f operating mode \u6e90\u81ea\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u529f\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u5173\u95ed\uff1b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff1b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u975e\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff1b\u964d\u7ea7\u8fd0\u884c\uff1b\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\uff1b\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001
\n\uff083.131\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4 operating time
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u964d\u7ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u573a\u666f operational situation \u5728\u8f66\u8f86\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u9ad8\u901f\u884c\u9a76\u3001\u659c\u5761\u9a7b\u8f66\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f other technology
\n\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8eGB\/T 34590\u89c4\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u673a\u68b0\u6280\u672f\u3001\u6db2\u538b\u6280\u672f\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u5728\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u8981\u6c42\uff08\u89c1GB\/T 34590.3-XXXX\u548cGB\/T 34590.4-XXXX\uff09\u5206\u914d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u6982\u5ff5
\n\uff083.68\uff09\uff08\u89c1GB\/T 34590.3-XXXX\uff0c\u7b2c7\u7ae0\u548c\u56fe2\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u88ab\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u6216\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5916\u90e8\u63aa\u65bd\uff083.49\uff09\u88ab\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u533a partitioning
\n\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5206\u9694\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5206\u533a\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6291\u5236\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7ea7\u8054\u5931\u6548\uff083.17\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u95f4\u7684\u514d\u4e8e\u5e72\u6270\uff083.65\uff09\uff0c \u53ef\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e58\u7528\u8f66 passenger car
\n\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5236\u9020\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8f7d\u8fd0\u4e58\u5ba2\u53ca\u5176\u968f\u8eab\u884c\u674e\u548c\/\u6216\u4e34\u65f6\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9a7e\u9a76\u4eba\u5ea7\u4f4d\u5728\u5185\u6700\u591a\u4e0d \u8d85\u8fc79\u4e2a\u5ea7\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7275\u5f15\u4e00\u8f86\u4e2d\u7f6e\u8f74\u6302\u8f66\u3002
\n[\u6765\u6e90\uff1aGB\/T 3730.1\u20142001\uff0c2.1.1 ]<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u611f\u77e5\u6545\u969c perceived fault
\n\u53ef\u95f4\u63a5\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u6574\u8f66\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u6545\u969c permanent fault \u53d1\u751f\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u76f4\u5230\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u6216\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u76f4\u6d41(DC)\u6545\u969c(3.54),\u4f8b\u5982\u5361\u6ede\u6545\u969c\u548c\u6865\u63a5\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9636\u6bb5 phase
\nGB\/T34590.3\u3001GB\/T34590.4\u3001GB\/T34590.5\u3001GB\/T34590.6\u548cGB\/T34590.7\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u751f\u547d
\n\u5468\u671f(3.86)\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1aGB\/T34590.3\u3001GB\/T34590.4\u3001GB\/T34590.5\u3001GB\/T34590.6\u548cGB\/T34590.7\u5206\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u6982\u5ff5\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u7cfb\u7edf(3.163)\u5c42\u9762\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u786c\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u62a5\u5e9f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5931\u6548\u7269\u7406\u5b66 physics of failure \uff1bPoF \u57fa\u4e8e\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1aPoF\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u5de5\u7a0b(CAE)\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u6a21\u62df\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5931\u6548\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u73b0\u573a\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u5386\u53f2\u6765\u8fdb\u884c \u53ef\u9760\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52a8\u529b\u8f93\u51fa\u88c5\u7f6e power take-off\uff1bPTO \u5361\u8f66(3.174)\u6216\u7275\u5f15\u8f66(3.170)\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u529b\u6e90\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6db2\u538b\u6cf5\u3001\u771f\u7a7a\u6cf5\u3001\u4e3e\u5347\u673a\u3001\u7ffb\u6597\u8f66\u3001\u6c34\u6ce5\u6405\u62cc\u673a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5904\u7406\u8981\u7d20 processing element \uff1bPE
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6(3.71)\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u96c6\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5355\u5143\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236 \u5355\u5143\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u7531 4 \u4e2a\u6838\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21)\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u5177\u6709 4 \u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u8981\u7d20\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 GPU \u4e2d\u7684\u6d41\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u89c6\u4e3a\u5904\u7406\u8981\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u5668\u4ef6 programmable logic device\uff1bPLD
\n\u5728\u5236\u9020\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7535\u8def\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21) \u6216\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6(3.71)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7528\u8bc1\u660e proven in use argument
\n\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5019\u9009\u9879(3.16)\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u73b0\u573a\u6570\u636e(3.62)\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u8be5\u5019\u9009\u9879(3.16)\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u53ef\u80fd\u635f \u5bb3\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7b26\u5408\u9002\u7528ASIL(3.6)\u7b49\u7ea7\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7528\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6 proven in use credit
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7528\u8bc1\u660e(3.115)\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f(3.86)\u5b50\u9636\u6bb5(3.161)\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c(3.185)\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d28\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406 quality management\uff1bQM \u7528\u6765\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u9488\u5bf9\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1aQM\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aASIL(3.6)\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30(3.76)\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u5931\u6548 random hardware failure \u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d,\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u670d\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u53ef\u5728\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5185\u9884\u6d4b\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\u7387\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u51c6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5931\u6548\u7269\u7406\u5b66(3.111)\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba(SAE J1211\u3001JEDEC JEP122\u7b49\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7269\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u53ef \u89c6\u4e3a\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c random hardware fault
\n\u670d\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c(3.54)<\/p>\n

\u5408\u7406\u53ef\u9884\u89c1\u7684 reasonably foreseeable \u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3001\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u4fe1\u6216\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u7684\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u9884\u671f\u7684\u8bef\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u53ef\u9884\u89c1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u5efa rebuilding \u6539\u53d8T&B\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u91cd\u5efa\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec T&B \u8f66\u8f86\u914d\u7f6e(3.175)\u7684\u4fee\u6539(3.91)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5197\u4f59 redundancy
\n\u9664\u4e86\u8db3\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u6240\u9700\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1aGB\/T 34590\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u6216\u8005\u8868\u8fbe\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5197\u4f59\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u8d28\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21)\u662f\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u7528\u6027(3.7)\u6216\u7528\u4e8e\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5bf9\u8868\u793a\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u52a0\u5947\u5076\u68c0\u9a8c\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3a\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u63a2\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5197\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56de\u5f52\u7b56\u7565 regression strategy
\n\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u672a\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u3001\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u548c\u5148\u524d \u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u5236\u9020 remanufacturing
\n\u6309\u7167\u539f\u59cb\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u6216\u4fee\u590d\u540e\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\u5bf9\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684T&B\u8f66\u8f86\u8fdb\u884c\u62c6\u5378\u548c\u7ffb\u4fee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b8b\u4f59\u6545\u969c residual fault
\n\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\uff083.139\uff09\u7684\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\uff083.119\uff09\u4e2d\u672a\u88ab\u5b89\u5168 \u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u5047\u8bbe\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u4ec5\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u5176\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\uff0c\u6709 60%\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u7ec4\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5269\u4f59\u7684 40%\u79f0\u4e3a
\n\u6b8b\u4f59\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b8b\u4f59\u98ce\u9669 residual risk
\n\u5b9e\u65bd\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff083.141\uff09\u540e\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff083.128\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bc4\u5ba1 review \u6309\u7167\u8bc4\u5ba1\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u76ee\u6807\u800c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u4ece\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff083.110\uff09\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.181\uff09\u548c\u8ba4\u53ef\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.24\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669 risk
\n\u4f24\u5bb3\uff083.74\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u53ca\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u5ea6\uff083.154\uff09\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1 robust design \u5728\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u6709\u538b\u529b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5bf9\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u53ef\u4f5c\u5982\u4e0b\u7406\u89e3\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u662f\u6307\u5e94\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u662f\u6307\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u5185\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u538b\u529b\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u53ca
\n\u2014\u2014\u5728GB\/T 34590\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u662f\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u6545\u969c safe fault
\n\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\uff083.139\uff09\u7684\u6982\u7387\u7684\u6545\u969c\uff083.54\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u5982GB\/T 34590.5-XXXX\u9644\u5f55B\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u975e\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u7d20\uff083.144\uff09\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u6545\u969c\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\uff083.156\uff09\u3001\u6b8b\u4f59\u6545\u969c\uff083.125\uff09\u548c\u53cc\u70b9\u6545\u969c(3.39)\u4e0d\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u6545\u969c\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u9664\u975e\u5728\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u8868\u660e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5927\u4e8e2\u9636\u7684\u591a\u70b9\u6545\u969c\uff083.97\uff09\u53ef\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001 safe state \u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u5728\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u98ce\u9669\uff083.128\uff09\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff083.102\uff09\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1\u56fe5\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u5c06\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46GB\/T 34590\u4e2d\u4ec5\u9488\u5bf9\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u60c5\u51b5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168 safety
\n\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff083.176\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u6d3b\u52a8 safety activity
\n\u5728\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff083.86\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff083.110\uff09\u6216\u5b50\u9636\u6bb5\uff083.161\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38 safety anomaly
\n\u504f\u79bb\u9884\u671f\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f24\u5bb3\uff083.74\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u5728\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.127\uff09\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff083.169\uff09\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.21\uff09\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6216\u9002\u7528\u6587\u6863\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b \u4e2d\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u504f\u5dee\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5728\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6587\u6863\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u7ecf\u9a8c\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u67b6\u6784 safety architecture
\n\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u6863\u6848 safety case
\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\uff083.67\uff09\u3001\u6536\u96c6\u6574\u7406\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b89\u5168\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c
\n\uff083.185\uff09\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\uff083.67\uff09\u7684\u8bba\u636e\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u6863\u6848\u53ef\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u6db5\u76d6GB\/T 34590\u8303\u56f4\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u6587\u5316 safety culture
\n\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u52a8\u673a\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u5728\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4e4b\u51b2\u7a81 \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u89c1 GB\/T 34590.2-XXXX\uff0c\u9644\u5f55B\u3002<\/p>\n

\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u7d20 safety element out of context\uff1bSEooC \u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0b\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u7d20\uff083.144\uff09\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2aSEooC\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.157\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355
\n\u5143\uff083.159\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.21\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\uff083.71\uff09\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u53ef\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u4e0d\u540c OEM \u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u5047\u8bbe\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u901a\u7528\u96e8\u522e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807 safety goal \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u8f66\u5c42\u9762\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\uff083.76\uff09\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u51e0\u79cd\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff083.75\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u7ecf\u7406 safety manager \u5bf9\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\uff083.67\uff09\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u53ef\u6309\u7167\u5185\u90e8\u77e9\u9635\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u6307\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c
\n\u4eba\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd safety measure
\n\u7528\u6765\u907f\u514d\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5931\u6548(3.164)\uff0c\u63a2\u6d4b\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u968f\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u5931\u6548(3.118)\uff0c\u6216\u51cf\u8f7b\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u5bb3\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6d3b \u52a8\u6216\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1aFMEA \u6216\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236 safety mechanism
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd(3.83)\u6216\u8005\u8fbe\u5230\/\u4fdd\u6301\u67d0\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7531\u7535\u6c14\/\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\/\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u6216\u8005
\n\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f(3.105)\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a2\u6d4b\u5e76\u51cf\u8f7b\/\u5bb9\u8bb8\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u3001\u6216\u8005\u63a7\u5236\/\u907f\u514d\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65bd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5bfc\u81f4\u5355\u70b9\u5931\u6548(3.155)\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u6210\u4e3a\u6f5c\u4f0f\u6545\u969c
\n(3.85)\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u4e5f\u53ef\u662f\uff1a
\na) \u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u6216\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001(3.131)\uff1b\u6216
\nb) \u5982\u540c\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u6982\u5ff5(3.68)\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5411\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u53d1\u51fa\u63d0\u9192\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u8ba1\u5212 safety plan
\n\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\u5f00\u5c55\u9879\u76ee\u5b89\u5168\u6d3b\u52a8(3.133)\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65e5\u671f\u3001\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u53ef\u4ea4\u4ed8\u6210\u679c\u3001\u804c\u8d23 \u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u7d20 safety-related element
\n\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u6216\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u7684\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5931\u6548-\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdd\u80cc\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u5931\u6548-\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u7d20\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u529f\u80fd safety-related function
\n\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u6216\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u4ef6 safety-related incident
\n\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u5931\u6548\uff083.50\uff09\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7279\u6027 safety-related special characteristic
\n\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u3001\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u81ea\u8eab\u6216\u5176\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5408\u7406\u53ef\u9884\u89c1\u504f\u5dee\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u3001 \u4fc3\u4f7f\u6216\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\uff083.67\uff09\u964d\u4f4e\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1aGB\/T 18305\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7279\u6b8a\u7279\u6027\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7279\u6027\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff083.110\uff09\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u3002 \u6ce83\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b9c\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff083.142\uff09\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u6709\u6548\u671f\u9650\u3001\u7d27\u56fa\u529b\u77e9\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u516c\u5dee\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u786e\u8ba4 safety validation
\n\u57fa\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807 (3.139) \u662f\u5145\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1aGB\/T 34590.4-XXXX\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u786e\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534a\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bb0\u6cd5 semi-formal notation \u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8bed\u4e49\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6280\u672f\uff08SADT\uff09\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534a\u5f62\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1 semi-formal verification \u57fa\u4e8e\u534a\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bb0\u6cd5\uff083.149\uff09\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1(3.180)\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7531\u534a\u5f62\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5411\u91cf\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u534a\u6302\u8f66 semi-trailer
\n\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7275\u5f15\u8f66\uff083.170\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u9500\uff08\u5bf9\u7275\u5f15\u8f66\u8f86\u65bd\u52a0\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u8f7d\u8377\uff09\u800c\u88ab\u7275\u5f15\u7684\u6302 \u8f66\uff083.171\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u4ea7\u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86 series production road vehicle \u65e8\u5728\u7528\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u9053\u8def\u4e14\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u578b\u673a\u7684\u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u8f66\u8f86\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u7c7b\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u5730\u533a\u800c\u5f02\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u666e\u901a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u8f66\u8f86\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u516c\u5171\u7528\u9014\u8f66\u8f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u8bf4\u660e service note \u5728\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u6d41\u7a0b\u65f6\u6240\u8003\u8651\u7684\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u4fe1\u606f\u6587\u6863\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7279\u6027\uff083.147\uff09\uff1b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e25\u91cd\u5ea6 severity \u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff083.77\uff09\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\uff083.74\uff09\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u9884\u4f30\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\uff083.7\uff09\u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u201cS\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5355\u70b9\u5931\u6548 single-point failure
\n\u7531\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c(3.156)\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c single-point fault
\n\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807(3.139)\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c(3.54)\uff0c\u4e14\u8be5\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u4e2d\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)
\n\u672a\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)\u8986\u76d6\u3002
\n\u6ce81\uff1a\u89c1\u5355\u70b9\u5931\u6548(3.155)\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236(3.142)(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u770b\u95e8\u72d7)\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8be5\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u7d20
\n(3.41)\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u5747\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6 software component
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143(3.159)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u5177 software tool
\n\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u76f8\u5173\u9879(3.84)\u6216\u8981\u7d20(3.41)\u4e2d\u6240\u7528\u5230\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5355\u5143 software unit
\n\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784(3.1)\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e14\u53ef\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u6d4b\u8bd5(3.169)\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.157)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bed\u53e5\u8986\u76d6\u7387 statement coverage
\n\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5df2\u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\u6240\u5360\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b50\u9636\u6bb5 subphase
\nGB\/T 34590\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f(3.86)\u4e2d\u9636\u6bb5\uff083.110\uff09\u7684\u7ec6\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5206\u6790\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30(3.76)\u662f\u5b89\u5168(3.132)\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f(3.96)\u7684\u5b50\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728 GB\/T 34590.3-XXXX \u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c \u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f9b\u5e94\u534f\u8bae supply agreement
\n\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5404\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u65b9\u8981\u6267\u884c\u6216\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u9879
\n\uff083.84\uff09\u548c\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u751f\u4ea7\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1aDIA\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u534f\u8bae\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf system \u4e00\u7ec4\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5668\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6(3.21)\u6216\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6216\u6267\u884c\u5668\u53ef\u5305\u542b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5931\u6548 systematic failure
\n\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5931\u6548(3.50)\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5bf9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6216\u751f\u4ea7\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u89c4\u7a0b\u3001\u6587\u6863\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173 \u56e0\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u8fd9\u79cd\u5931\u6548\u3002
\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u6545\u969c systematic fault
\n\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0\u5931\u6548(3.50)\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u7a0b\u6216\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u624d\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u6807\u73af\u5883 target environment
\n\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u73af\u5883\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u57fa\u7840\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff083.42\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u73af\u5883\u662f \u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u4e2d\u7684ECU\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6280\u672f\u5b89\u5168\u6982\u5ff5 technical safety concept
\n\u6280\u672f\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\uff083.168\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\uff083.168\uff09\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff0c \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u5c42\u9762\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\uff083.67\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6280\u672f\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42 technical safety requirement \u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\uff083.69\uff09\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5305\u62ec\u51cf\u8f7b\u5371\u5bb3\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d4b\u8bd5 testing
\n\u4e3a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u63a2\u6d4b\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38\uff083.134\uff09\u3001\u786e\u8ba4\u8981\u6c42\u9002 \u7528\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5bf9\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5efa\u7acb\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u6216\u6f14\u7ec3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7275\u5f15\u8f66 tractor
\n\u7528\u6765\u7275\u5f15\u534a\u6302\u8f66\uff083.151\uff09\u7684\u5361\u8f66\uff083.174\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6302\u8f66 trailer \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u9700\u88ab\u7275\u5f15\u4e14\u603b\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u7531\u7275\u5f15\u8f66\u8f86\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u9053\u8def\u8f66\u8f86\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u6302\u8f66\u53ef\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u8f93\u8d27\u7269\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u4eba\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f6c\u6362\u5668 transducer<\/p>\n

\u77ac\u6001\u6545\u969c transient fault
\n\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u4e14\u968f\u540e\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u6545\u969c(3.54)\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u77ac\u6001\u6545\u969c\u53ef\u7531\u7535\u78c1\u5e72\u6270\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f4d\u7ffb\u8f6c\u3002\u8f6f\u9519\u8bef(3.46)\uff0c\u5982\u5355\u7c92\u5b50\u7ffb\u8f6c (SEU)\u548c\u5355\u7c92\u5b50\u77ac\u6001(SET)\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a \u77ac\u6001\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5361\u8f66 truck \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u8f93\u8d27\u7269\u6216\u5728\u5e95\u76d8\u4e0a\u88c5\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u673a\u52a8\u8f66\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5361\u8f66\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7275\u5f15\u4e00\u8f86\u6302\u8f66(3.171)\u3002<\/p>\n

T&B \u8f66\u8f86\u914d\u7f6e T&B vehicle configuration T&B\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8f66\u8f86\uff083.9\uff09\u548c\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0a\u88c5\u8bbe\u5907\uff083.12\uff09\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u91cd\u5efa\uff083.121\uff09\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u8f74\u8ddd\uff0c\u8f74\u8377\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8f66\u8f6e\uff08\u8f66\u8f74\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u8f74\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u8f6c\u5411\u8f74\u6570\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669 unreasonable risk
\n\u6309\u7167\u73b0\u884c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u88ab\u5224\u65ad\u4e3a\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff083.128\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

T&B \u8f66\u8f86\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u5316 variance in T&B vehicle operation \u5728\u8f66\u8f86\u5bff\u547d\u671f\u5185\u53d7\u8d27\u7269\u6216\u7275\u5f15\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684T&B\u8f66\u8f86\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6709\u8f7d\u8377\u6216\u65e0\u8f7d\u8377\u7684 T\uff06B\uff0c\u8f7d\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u53d8\u5316\u7684 T\uff06B\uff0c\u5e26\u6216\u4e0d\u5e26\u6302\u8f66\uff083.171\uff09\u7684\u5361\u8f66\uff083.174\uff09\uff0c\u5e26\u6216\u4e0d\u5e26\u534a\u6302\u8f66
\n\uff083.151\uff09\u7684\u7275\u5f15\u8f66\uff083.170\uff09\uff08\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7275\u5f15\u8f66\uff083.170\uff09\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6574\u8f66\u529f\u80fd vehicle function \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u3001\u9884\u671f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u5de1\u822a\u63a7\u5236\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 ECU \u548c\u5404\u79cd\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6280\u672f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u96f7\u8fbe\u3001\u6fc0\u5149\u96f7\u8fbe\u3001\u6444\u50cf\u5934\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u8f66
\n\u8f86\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f66\u8f86\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001 vehicle operating state
\n\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u573a\u666f\uff083.104\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff083.102\uff09\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u8f66\u8f86\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u7531\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u9a76\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b(\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5120km\/h\u884c\u9a76\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u4e0a)\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd(\u4f8b\u5982\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76)\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 \u6027\u80fd\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5371\u5bb3\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff083.77\uff09\u7684ASIL\uff083.6\uff09\u7b49\u7ea7\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u4e27\u5931\uff09\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001
\n\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u4e27\u5931\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u884c\u9a76\u65f6\u5c31\u6bd4\u5728\u4f4e\u901f\u884c\u9a76\u65f6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5371\u9669\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u4e0d\u5728\u8fd0 \u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u5728\u64cd\u63a7\u8f66\u8f86\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff083.163\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7a81\u7136\u4e27\u5931\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u80fd\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u95ee \u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9a8c\u8bc1 verification \u786e\u5b9a\u68c0\u67e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.181\uff09\uff0c\u8d70\u67e5\uff083.182\uff09\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\uff083.82\uff09\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff083.169\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u4eff\u771f\u6a21\u62df\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u539f\u578b\u6837\u673a\uff1b\u53ca
\n\u2014\u2014\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5b89\u5168\uff083.132\uff09\u5206\u6790\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5ba1 verification review \u786e\u4fdd\u5f00\u53d1\u6d3b\u52a8\u7ed3\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u548c\/\u6216\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff083.180\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u8981\u6c42\u5728GB\/T 34590\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7ae0\u6761\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002
\n\u6ce82\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.127\uff09\u3001\u8d70\u67e5\uff083.182\uff09\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\uff083.82\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d70\u67e5 walk-through \u4e3a\u4e86\u53d1\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38\uff083.134\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u3002 \u6ce81\uff1a\u8d70\u67e5\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff083.180\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u6ce82\uff1a\u8d70\u67e5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff083.169\uff09\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u8d70\u67e5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u9879\uff083.84\uff09\u6216\u8981\u7d20\uff083.41\uff09\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
\n\u6ce83\uff1a\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5f02\u5e38\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u505a\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u91cd\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8d70\u67e5\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5728\u8d70\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8bc4\u5ba1\u5458\u9010\u6b65\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5171\u540c
\n\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff083.185\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38\uff083.134\uff09\u3002\u68c0\u67e5\uff083.82\uff09\u548c\u8d70\u67e5\u5747\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u7ea7\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff083.127\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8d70\u67e5 \u7684\u4e25\u683c\u6027\u5f31\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\uff083.82\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u62a5\u8b66\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565 warning and degradation strategy \u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u6f5c\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5411\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u62a5\u8b66\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u4f9b\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002 \u6ce8\uff1a\u62a5\u8b66\u548c\u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\n\u2014\u2014\u89e6\u89c9\u3001\u58f0\u97f3\u6216\u89c6\u89c9\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9192\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u964d\u7ea7\uff083.28\uff09\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u4e0e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\uff083.139\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u5411\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u8fc7\u6e21\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b
\n\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\uff083.131\uff09\u6062\u590d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u679c\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6700\u957f\u5f85\u4fee\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.89\uff09\uff1b\u53ca
\n\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\uff083.43\uff09\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u9519\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff083.45\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u4fe1\u8d56\u7684 well-trusted \u6b64\u524d\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5f02\u5e38\uff083.134\uff09\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u503c\u5f97\u4fe1\u8d56\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3001\u503c\u5f97\u4fe1\u8d56\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u503c\u5f97\u4fe1\u8d56\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff083.21\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c work product
\n\u7531GB\/T 34590\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u8981\u6c42\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168 safety of the intended functionality\uff1bSOTIF
\n\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7531\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u53d7\u51c6\u5219 acceptance criteria
\n\u8868\u5f81\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u98ce\u9669\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3002
\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u63a5\u53d7\u51c6\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u5371\u5bb3\u884c\u4e3a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u63a5\u53d7\u51c6\u5219\u548c\u603b\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u63a5\u53d7\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u51c6\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5 \u662f\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7269\u7406\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u67d0\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5371\u5bb3\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u5f81\u8be5\u5371\u5bb3\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u6216\u6700\u4f4e\u5408\u7406\u53ef\u884c\uff08ALARP\uff09\u539f\u5219\u7b49\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4ea4\u901a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5f97\u51fa\u6bcf Xkm \u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u5408\u7406\u98ce\u9669\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u5ea6\u91cf safety metric
\n\u4e3a\u7b26\u5408\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u800c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u503c\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u5ea6\u91cf\u5e76\u975eASIL\u7b49\u7ea7\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u73b0\u6210\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u5230\u6b3e\u5373\u53d1\u3002
\n\u4efb\u53d6\u6837\u9875\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bd1\u6587\u8d28\u91cf\u3002
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u89c4\u589e\u503c\u7a0e\u7535\u5b50\u53d1\u7968\u3002
\n\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u624b\u673a\/\u5fae\u4fe1: 133-0649-6964\/Email: standardtrans@foxmail.com \u8d2d\u4e70\u5b8c\u6574\u8bd1\u6587\u3002
\n\u4e13\u4e1a\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e13\u6ce8|ChinaAutoRegs \u59cb\u7ec8\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6c7d\u8f66\u6807\u51c6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9886\u57df\uff01\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u5df2\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0a\u5343\u4e2a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u6c7d\u8f66\u6807\u51c6\u6cd5\u89c4\uff01\u72ec\u5bb6\u6253\u9020\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u6c7d\u8f66\u4e13\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed\u5e93\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5e93\u3002
\nNote:<\/em>
\nThis document in English is readily available, and delivered immediately upon payment.<\/em>
\nYou may request for sample pages to your preference to verify the quality of translation.<\/em>
\nPlease contact standardtrans@foxmail.com for the complete PDF in English.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ChinaAutoRegs\uff5cGB\/T 34590.1-2022\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u7ffb\u8bd1Engl … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[17,772,760,10,178,757,7,724,18,723,14],"class_list":["post-4126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-i","tag-gb-english","tag-gb-t-34590-1-2022","tag-gb-t2023","tag-gb-t","tag-gb","tag-qc-t","tag-723","tag-14"],"views":1177,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4126"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4171,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4126\/revisions\/4171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinaautoregs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}